Tesla AI Day Highlights

As posted to the Lex Fridman YouTube Channel on 8/20/21 (Run Time: 11 min, 29 sec) "Tesla AI Day presented the most amazing real-world AI and Engineering effort I have ever seen in my life" -- Lex Fridman On 8/19/21, Elon Musk convened Tesla AI Day, an event to share progress in the automaker’s software and hardware development related to artificial intelligence.  The sole purpose of the even was a recruiting platform for Tesla’s AI team. Lex Fridman, presents here a quick video on the main innovations presented at Tesla AI day. (This is Blog Post #1075) Lex Fridman is an AI researcher working on autonomous vehicles, human-robot interaction, and machine learning at MIT and beyond. You can find his MIT Deep Learning and Artificial Intelligence Lectures at deeplearning.mit.edu, and the...

Is an LLC the Right Choice for your Small Business

Perhaps you operate your small business as a sole proprietorship and want to form a limited liability company (LLC) to protect your assets. Or maybe you are launching a new business and want to know your options for setting it up. Here are the basics of operating as an LLC and why it might be appropriate for your business. An LLC is somewhat of a hybrid entity because it can be structured to resemble a corporation for owner liability purposes and a partnership for federal tax purposes. This duality may provide the owners with the best of both worlds.  Personal asset protection Like the shareholders of a corporation, the owners of an LLC (called “members” rather than shareholders or partners) generally aren’t liable for the debts of the...

Gift or Kickback? Its a fine line

Your employees shouldn’t accept any gift offered with the intent to improperly influence business decisions — or even one that merely appears to compromise their ability to act in your company’s best interests. Unfortunately, kickbacks are often disguised as gifts or travel, so they can be hard to identify. Here’s how to maintain your business’s high ethical standards. Applying the integrity test Kickbacks return a portion of the money exchanged in a business transaction as compensation for favorable treatment. However, gifts, gratuities or courtesies of modest value associated with ordinary business practices are usually acceptable. The key consideration is the intention of the giver. Yet you must take care to avoid not only an actual impropriety, but also the appearance of impropriety. Defining what’s proper or improper with...

It May Be Difficult to Deduct Student Loan Interest

More than 43 million student borrowers are in debt with an average of $39,351 each, according to the research group EducationData.org. If you have student loan debt, you may wonder if you can deduct the interest you pay. The answer is yes, subject to certain limits. However, the deduction is phased out if your adjusted gross income exceeds certain levels — and they aren’t as high as the income levels for many other deductions. Basics of the deduction The maximum amount of student loan interest you can deduct each year is $2,500. The interest must be for a “qualified education loan,” which means a debt incurred to pay tuition, room and board, and related expenses to attend a post-high school educational institution, including certain vocational schools. Post-graduate...

How to Work with a Forensic Accountant

Forensic accountants are professionals who have received specialized training to uncover fraud and protect against fraud threats. They’re uniquely qualified to review financial statements and business records and to interview employees to find evidence of misrepresentations and theft. In many cases, they’re able to help recover missing funds. So if you suspect fraud and possibly want to take a perpetrator to court, a forensic accountant can be critical. Essential expertise Forensic accountants specialize in conducting fraud audits and investigations to detect irregularities and troubling trends, looking for both telltale and subtle signs of occupational crime. Certified fraud examiners (CFEs) are specially trained in fraud discovery, recognition, documentation and prevention. Forensic accountants are also generally knowledgeable about human behavioral factors and motivations that contribute to the commission of fraud,...

The Deductibility of Corporate Expenses Covered by Officers or Shareholders

Do you play a major role in a closely held corporation and sometimes spend money on corporate expenses personally? These costs may wind up being nondeductible both by an officer and the corporation unless proper steps are taken. This issue is more likely to arise in connection with a financially troubled corporation. Deductible vs. nondeductible expenses In general, you can’t deduct an expense you incur on behalf of your corporation, even if it’s a legitimate “trade or business” expense and even if the corporation is financially troubled. This is because a taxpayer can only deduct expenses that are his own. And since your corporation’s legal existence as a separate entity must be respected, the corporation’s costs aren’t yours and thus can’t be deducted even if you pay...

California AB-150 Provides SALT Cap Work-Around

While Congress develops legislation that would eliminate, and/or otherwise mitigate, the current TCJA implemented state and local tax (SALT) limit on an individual taxpayer's ability to take the itemized deduction for state and local taxes, California has just passed legislation which offers a work-around that will allow many Californians to mitigate the effects of the current $10,000 federal limitation on SALT deductions. On 7/16/2021, Governor Newsom signed into law AB-150, which provides a means by which certain pass-through entities (Qualified Entities) can make an election to pay California income tax (at the entity-level) on behalf of their owners, for which their consent must be given. The benefits yielded could be substantial for pass-through entity owners for which work-around makes sense. Curiously the IRS has approved these...

Stepped-Up Basis on Inhereited Property Will it Last?

If you’re planning your estate, or you’ve recently inherited assets, you may be unsure of the “cost” (or “basis”) for tax purposes. The current rules Under the current fair market value basis rules (also known as the “step-up and step-down” rules), an heir receives a basis in inherited property equal to its date-of-death value. So, for example, if your grandmother bought stock in 1935 for $500 and it’s worth $1 million at her death, the basis is stepped up to $1 million in the hands of your grandmother’s heirs — and all of that gain escapes federal income tax. The fair market value basis rules apply to inherited property that’s includible in the deceased’s gross estate, and those rules also apply to property inherited from foreign persons who...

Preventing Fraud in your Construction Company

Fraud is costly for all victimized companies, but it’s even worse in the construction sector. According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners’ Report to the Nations: 2020 Global Study on Occupational Fraud and Abuse, construction companies affected by fraud lose a median $200,000 per fraud incident, compared with $125,000 per incident for all organizations. Some types of fraud are more prevalent in the construction industry, particularly payroll and billing fraud. These can lead to legal liability and fines. For example, paying under-the-table cash wages to avoid paying payroll taxes could result in criminal charges and significant penalties. To prevent your managers and workers from acting illegally or unethically, tighten your internal controls.  Essential controls Certain internal controls are essential — including segregation of duties. This means that...