Back-to-School Tax Breaks

Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, students are going back to school this fall, either remotely, in-person or under a hybrid schedule. In any event, parents may be eligible for certain back-to-school tax breaks to help defray the cost of education. Here is a summary of some of the tax breaks available for education. (1) Higher Education Tax Credits Generally, you may be able to claim either one of two tax credits for higher education expenses — but not both. With the American Opportunity Tax Credit (AOTC), you can save a maximum of $2,500 from your tax bill for each full-time college or grad school student. This applies to qualified expenses including tuition, room and board, books and computer equipment and other supplies. But the credit is phased out for...

How Fraudsters Steal Unemployment Benefits

When Congress authorized an additional $600 in monthly unemployment benefits as part of the CARES Act, out-of-work Americans weren’t the only ones it helped. Criminals have descended like locusts on state unemployment insurance agencies.  How fraudsters steal unemployment benefits is by using stolen identities to fraudulently claim both standard benefits and the additional funds administered by the Pandemic Unemployment Assistance (PUA) program. States have lost hundreds of millions of dollars. Individuals have also suffered, as government efforts to control fraud have clogged up benefit systems and delayed payments to the jobless. States struggle Washington state was the first to experience a COVID-19 outbreak and has since estimated losses of $650 million to unemployment insurance fraud. According to the Secret Service, a scam was detected when someone noticed...

Why is Partner Taxable Income Different than Cash Received

If you’re a partner in a business, you may have come across a situation that gave you pause. In a given year, you may be taxed on more partnership income than was distributed to you from the partnership in which you’re a partner. Why is partner taxable income different than cash received? The answer lies in the way partnerships and partners are taxed. Unlike regular corporations, partnerships aren’t subject to income tax. Instead, each partner is taxed on the partnership’s earnings — whether or not they’re distributed. Similarly, if a partnership has a loss, the loss is passed through to the partners. (However, various rules may prevent a partner from currently using his share of a partnership’s loss to offset other income.) Separate entity While a partnership isn’t...

Bartering is a Taxable Transaction

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many small businesses are strapped for cash. They may find it beneficial to barter for goods and services instead of paying cash for them. If your business gets involved in bartering, remember that the fair market value of goods that you receive in bartering is taxable income. And if you exchange services with another business, the bartering is a taxable transaction for both parties. For example, if a computer consultant agrees to exchange services with an advertising agency, both parties are taxed on the fair market value of the services received. This is the amount they would normally charge for the same services. If the parties agree to the value of the services in advance, that will be considered the fair market...

Protect Customer Data When Working Virtually

With cyberthieves active during COVID-19, the Internal Revenue Service and its Security Summit partners today urged tax professionals and other business owners to review critical security steps to ensure they protect customer data when working virtually.  Many tax professionals and other businesses have expanded telework options this year as firms and other businesses work to keep personnel safe, practice recommended safety guidelines and use technology to serve their clients/customer virtually. (This post is excerpted from IRS Information Release (IR) 2020-167 issued 7/21/20.) During this period, the Department of Homeland Security's Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) have urged organizations to maintain a heightened state of alert as cybercriminals seek to exploit Covid-19 concerns. To assist businesses with the security basics, the IRS, state tax agencies and nation's tax...

Crime Has Adapted to COVID-19

Unlike some legitimate businesses, organized crime enterprises can be expected to weather the current COVID-19 crisis. In fact, with millions of Americans now working from home, organized crime-related cyber fraud — including phishing schemes and ransomware attacks — has grown exponentially. Organized crime has adapted to COVID-19. If you haven’t done so recently, it’s important to review and possibly upgrade your company’s cybersecurity plan now. But how else can you protect your business and employees? Pivot gracefully To adapt to the new environment, many companies are making changes to their business models. If you’re in the process of pivoting, be sure to factor in potential fraud. View your company through the eyes of a criminal. This means that for each proposed change, you should map out processes...

Make Sure Your Withholding is Adequate

Did you recently file your federal tax return and were surprised to find you owed money? Make sure your withholding is adequate so that this doesn’t happen next year. You might even want to do that if you got a big refund. Receiving a tax refund essentially means you’re giving the government an interest-free loan. Withholding changes In 2018, the IRS updated the withholding tables that indicate how much employers should hold back from their employees’ paychecks. In general, the amount withheld was reduced. This was done to reflect changes under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) — including an increase in the standard deduction, suspension of personal exemptions and changes in tax rates. The tables may have provided the correct amount of tax withholding for some...

Tax Consequences of PPP Loans

If your business was fortunate enough to have applied for, and received a loan under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) in connection with the COVID-19 crisis, you should be aware of the possible tax consequences of PPP loans. PPP basics The Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act, which was enacted on March 27, 2020, is designed to provide financial assistance to Americans suffering during the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act authorized up to $349 billion in forgivable loans to small businesses for job retention and certain other expenses through the PPP. In April, Congress authorized additional PPP funding and it’s possible more relief could be part of another stimulus law. The PPP allows qualifying small businesses and other organizations to receive loans with an interest rate...

What the Payroll Tax Deferral Means for Your Business

On August 8, 2020, President Trump signed four executive actions, including a Presidential Memorandum to defer the employee’s portion of Social Security taxes for some people. These actions were taken in an effort to offer more relief due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The action only defers the taxes, which means they’ll have to be paid in the future. However, the action directs the U.S. Treasury Secretary to “explore avenues, including legislation, to eliminate the obligation to pay the taxes deferred pursuant to the implementation of this memorandum.” Legislative history On March 18, 2020, President Trump signed into law the Families First Coronavirus Response Act. A short time later, President Trump signed into law the Coronavirus, Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act. Both laws contain economic relief provisions for employers...

IRS Issues Fact Sheet on Reportable >$10,000 Cash Transactions

(Image copyright belongs to Serge Averbukh) In Fact Sheet 2020-11, the IRS has presented a series of examples where a person might have to file Form 8300, Report of Cash Payments Over $10,000 Received in a Trade or Business. Background Generally, any person in a trade or business who receives more than $10,000 in cash in a single transaction or in related transactions must file a Form 8300, Report of Cash Payments Over $10,000 Received in a Trade or Business. A "person" is an individual, company, corporation, partnership, association, trust or estate. A person must file Form 8300 if they receive cash of more than $10,000 from the same payer or agent: in one lump sum; in two or more related payments within 24 hours, e.g., a 24-hour period is...